Integral hologram is a transmission hologram that is stereographic, cylindrical in form and viewable with white light. As a hybrid of holography and cinematography, the integral hologram is used to recreate a 360°, 3D scene. It can be displayed flat, curved or as a cylinder viewable from 360°.

Integral hologram was developed by Lloyd Cross in 1972. He cross combined white-light transmission holography with conventional cinematography to produce moving 3-dimensional images that finally gave way to integral hologram.

Integral holograms became very popular in the '70s, due to their ability to use film footage, shot with regular 35 mm or 16 mm ciné cameras, to create stand-alone 360-degree animated holographic scenes viewable in regular white light. These are used for product packaging and labelling. These are also used for making brouchers.

Integral Holograms can be created from:

• Living people in motion
• Moving machine parts
• Chemical or biological models stationary or in motion
• Stop motion animation
• Video
• Computer generated imagery
• Special effects such as morphs, dissolves, zooms, etc

Integral Hologram is made in a two stage process:

• Firstly, the image is filmed with a motion picture camera.
• The resulting film is then transferred to the laser laboratory onto holographic film.